On weak shock diffraction in real gases

Asymptotic solutions are obtained for the two-dimensional Euler system for real gases with appropriate boundary conditions which describe the diffraction of a weak shock at a right-angled wedge; the real gas effects are characterized by a van der Waals type equation of state. The behavior of the flow configuration influenced by the real gas effects, that includes the local structure near a singular point, is studied in detail.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1405.066

Genotyping of β-Lactoglobulin gene by PCR-RFLP in Sahiwal and Tharparkar cattle breeds

BACKGROUND: Improvement of efficiency and economic returns is an important goal in dairy farming, as in any agricultural enterprise. The primary goal of dairy industry has been to identify an efficient and economical way of increasing milk production and its constituents without increasing the size of the dairy herd. Selection of animals with desirable genotypes and mating them to produce the next generation has been the basis of livestock improvement and this would continue to remain the same in the coming years. The use of polymorphic genes as detectable molecular markers is a promising alternative to the current methods of trait selection once these genes are proven to be associated with traits of interest in animals. The point mutations in exon IV of bovine β-Lactoglobulin gene determine two allelic variants A and B. These variants were distinguished by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis in two indigenous Bos indicus breeds viz. Sahiwal and Tharparkar cattle. DNA samples (228 in Sahiwal and 86 in Tharparkar) were analyzed for allelic variants of β-Lactoglobulin gene. Polymorphism was detected by digestion of PCR amplified products with Hae III enzyme, and separation on 12% non-denaturing gels and resolved by silver staining. RESULTS: The allele B of β-Lactoglobulin occurred at a higher frequency than the allele A in both Sahiwal and Tharparkar breeds. The genotypic frequencies of AA, AB, and BB in Sahiwal and Tharparkar breeds were 0.031, 0.276, 0.693 and 0.023, 0.733, 0.244 respectively. Frequencies of A and B alleles were 0.17 and 0.83, and 0.39 and 0.61 in Sahiwal and Tharparkar breeds respectively. The Chi-square test results (at one degree of freedom at one per cent level) revealed that the Tharparkar population was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium as there was a continuous migration of animals in the herd studied, where as, the results are not significant for the Sahiwal population. CONCLUSION: Genotype frequencies of AA were the lowest compared to that of BB genotype in Sahiwal cattle while AB genotypes were more frequent in Tharparkar cattle. The frequency of A allele was found to be lower than that of B allele in both the breeds studied. These results further confirm that Bos indicus cattle are predominantly of β-Lactoglobulin B type than Bos taurus breeds

Heterotopic pregnancy: a case report

Heterotopic pregnancy is defined as the coexistence of intrauterine and extrauterine gestation. The incidence is low and estimated to be 1 in 30,000 of spontaneous pregnancies though it is becoming commoner with assisted reproductive technique. It can be a life-threatening condition and can be easily missed with the diagnosis being overlooked. We present a rare case of spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy with live intrauterine gestation and ruptured left adnexal gestation

Encapsulated cyst fat necrosis masquerading as cold abscess

Encapsulated fat necrosis is a benign, usually asymptomatic and underreported condition. It is believed to be trauma‐related ischemia and necrosis of fat tissue that gradually detaches from its surroundings. Here we reported a case of encapsulated cyst fat necrosis in a 75 years old female following intramuscular injection, who was clinically diagnosed as cold abscess initially

A rare case series of chondroid syringoma in three young patients

Chondroid syringoma is also known as mixed tumour of the skin. It is a rare, biphasic cutaneous neoplasm similar to pleomorphic adenoma of salivary glands. Because of its rarity, many cases are misdiagnosed in the initial stages as cysts or other cutaneous adnexal neoplasms and are often identified only after being sent for histopathological examination.Although it usually presents in middle and older aged patients, we are presenting three younger patients with Chondroid syringoma, located over the back, nose and cheek, respectively

Immature teratoma with a rare finding of choroid plexus

Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is the most common ovarian tumour in young women. Immature teratoma is a very rare tumour, representing only 1% of all ovarian cancers. Paediatric ovarian tumours are rare, with a reported incidence rate of 2.2/100,000 in girls aged 0 to 15 years. In the case report presented here, was 12-year-old suspected to have serous cystadenoma of ovary based on CT scan, which was ultimately diagnosed with immature teratoma grade 3 after histopathological examination was done

A rare tumor at an unusual site-angiomyolipoma vulva

An angiomyolipoma is one of the very rare benign tumors. All three elements, that is, blood vessels, adipose tissue and smooth muscles, should be present to qualify it to be labelled as an ‘angiomyolipoma’. Although it has been reported at other sites also like mediastinum, heart, spermatic cord, fallopian tube, oral cavity, penis, salivary glands, and skin

Advances in Magnetofection & − Magnetically Guided Nucleic Acid Delievery:a Review

During the last decade, nanomagnetic methods for delivering and targeting nucleic acids have been developed which are often referred to as magnetofection. Nucleic acids carry the building plans of living systems. As such, they can be exploited to make cells produce a desired protein, or to shut down the expression of endogenous genes or even to repair defective genes. Hence, nucleic acids are unique substances for research and therapy. To exploit their potential, they need to be delivered into cells which can be a challenging task in many respects. Magnetofection provides a novel tool for high throughput gene screening in vitro and can help to overcome fundamental limitations to gene therapy in vivo. Magnetofection is nucleic acid delivery to cells, supported and site-specifically guided by the attractive forces of magnetic fields acting on nucleic acid shuttles (vectors) which are associated with magnetic nanoparticles. In a magnetofection procedure, self-assembling complexes of enhancers like cationic lipids with plasmid DNA or small interfering RNA (siRNA) are associated with magnetic nanoparticles and are then concentrated at the surface of cultured cells by applying a permanent inhomogeneous magnetic field